Ray — Laboratorium

Properties

Live from the simulation

The law of refraction was discovered more than 600 years before Snell. Ibn Sahl, a scholar from Baghdad, described it around 984 in a treatise on burning lenses and mirrors. Willebrord Snellius arrived at it again in 1621.
A rainbow is really a full circle with a radius of about 42° around the point directly opposite the Sun. From the ground the horizon hides part of it, but from an airplane you can see the whole ring. Every observer sees their own rainbow, because it is made by different drops.
Telecom optical fiber is astonishingly transparent. At a wavelength of 1550 nm it loses only about 0.2 dB per kilometer, so after 50 km of glass about 10% of the light still gets through. Nothing would make it through a 50 km thick windowpane.

A right angle between the rays
Rotate the laser so that the ray reflected from the glass and the refracted ray form a right angle. This is Brewster’s angle: tan α = n.
Experiment 1 · Shift + Q/E rotates by 1°not completed
Let the light out of the fiber
Lower the fiber’s refractive index n and its bend radius until the laser beam escapes through the wall at the bend instead of reaching the end of the rod.
Experiment 3 · select the fibernot completed
Turn the lens into a magnifier
Move the light source closer to the lens than its focal point, so that a virtual, upright image forms.
Experiment 5 · drag the sourcenot completed

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